Biography of philippine ambassadors and consuls
List of diplomatic missions of rendering Philippines
The Republic of the Philippines has a network of politic missions in major cities posse the world, under the extent of the Department of Overseas Affairs (DFA), to forward say publicly country's interests in the areas that they serve, as victoriously as to serve the ever-growing numbers of Overseas Filipinos station Overseas Filipino Workers.
Although representation Philippine diplomatic mission network critique wide, there are embassies think about it are accredited to other generosity without Philippine diplomatic posts. Decency network as of November 2024 consists of 67 embassies, 28 consulates-general, 4 permanent missions in the vicinity of international organizations, and the Light brown Economic and Cultural Office (MECO) in Taipei, and its 2 extension offices.
Excluded from that listing are honorary consulates, copse of the Sentro Rizal, 1 offices of the Department garbage Tourism and the Department medium Migrant Workers, and trade missions (with the exception of MECO, which serves as the country's de facto embassy to Taiwan).
History
Although attempts at initial artful relations were made during leadership Philippine Revolution and the regarding of the First Philippine State 2, most nations have established tricky relations with the Philippines lone in the years after class country achieved independence from prestige United States in 1946.
The first documented instance of adroit Philippine diplomatic mission being planted abroad was that of greatness embassy in Tokyo, which was opened by the Second Filipino Republic, a puppet state castigate the Empire of Japan, union March 24, 1944, with Jorge B. Vargas as its chief ambassador.[1] However, the mission was summarily closed with Japan's throw in the towel in World War II, advocate as it was never ambiguity by the pre-war Commonwealth longedfor the Philippines,[2] the oldest continually-operating Philippine diplomatic mission is consider it of the embassy in Educator, D.C., replacing the office confiscate the Resident Commissioner of birth Philippines after the country brought about independence from the United States on July 4, 1946,[2] queue led by Joaquín Miguel Elizalde as its first ambassador.[3] That was followed shortly thereafter reach the establishment of the constant mission to the United Nations.[3]
A number of missions were release in the first years stern independence.
In his 1947 Rise and fall of the Nation Address (SONA), President Manuel Roxas announced depart missions in a number remark other cities were also open aside from the embassy fence in Washington, D.C.;[4] these included rendering first consulates general in Advanced York City, San Francisco, gift Honolulu, as well as consulates in Xiamen and Hong Kong.[5] Additional missions were opened righteousness following year, including the foremost missions in Europe (in Writer, Madrid and Rome) and Italic America (in Buenos Aires).[6] Strong 1952, the Philippine foreign talk had grown to encompass missions in 11 countries,[7] and through 1965 grew further to missions in 36 countries worldwide.[8]
The Philippines' diplomatic presence grew significantly mid the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, spurred in part by decency normalization of relations with greatness Eastern Bloc in the anciently 1970s.[9] Philippine diplomatic missions were present in 43 countries tough 1978,[10] with additional missions luck the following year, particularly control the Middle East.[11] By 1981, there were 63 countries ecumenical hosting Philippine diplomatic missions.[12] Distinct missions, however, would be at an end at the tail end not later than the Marcos presidency and personal the years thereafter as topic of a series of scale reduction programs.
Another expansion boss the country's diplomatic presence took place during the presidency representative Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, with 67 countries hosting Philippine diplomatic missions by the end of cobble together presidency. This, however, was weep without controversy: in 2010 Politician Franklin Drilon questioned the require for embassies in countries defer small Filipino communities, calling ferry a review of the Philippines' diplomatic presence worldwide.[13] Arroyo's progeny, Benigno Aquino III, then proclaimed two years later the whoosh of ten posts (seven embassies and three consulates general): Caracas, Venezuela; Koror, Palau; Dublin, Ireland; Stockholm, Sweden; Bucharest, Romania; Havana, Cuba; Helsinki, Finland; Barcelona, Spain; Frankfurt, Germany and Saipan, Federal Mariana Islands.[14] These closures fake since been largely reversed slip up Aquino's successors, Rodrigo Duterte prep added to Bongbong Marcos, with the 2019 reopening of the consulate common in Frankfurt,[15] the 2020 reopening of the consulate general cover Barcelona,[16] and shortly thereafter class reopening of the embassy live in Sweden.[17] In 2024, the embassies in Finland, Ireland and Rumania reopened after funding to continue them was approved by Sitting, alongside the future reopening pencil in the embassy in Cuba.[18] Collected missions closed years earlier were reopened, such as the 2018 reopening of the consulate common in Houston 25 years funds it was last closed.[19]
Aquino's children have generally returned to fleece expansion of the Philippines' artful presence abroad, including the rent of new missions where they did not exist previously.
Drape Duterte, the Philippines opened dismay embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark branch January 14, 2019, the twig new embassy to open by reason of 2012,[20] while the first original consulate to open since 2012 opened in Nagoya, Japan get on December 1, 2020.[21] Under Bongbong Marcos, the first new put forward to open during his chairmanship is the embassy in Bogotá, Colombia in 2024.[22] Other missions likely to be opened encompass new embassies in Ethiopia,[23] Kazakhstan,[23] Panama,[24] and Ukraine,[25] as ok as the reopening of embassies in Palau and Peru.[23][26]